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These women were "Waldensians," who were later accused by the Church of practicing witchcraft and holding illicit Sabbath celebrations.įrom there, the condemnation of witches continued to grow as witchcraft became a heretical crime. The first visual of witches flying on broomsticks came through "Le champion des dames," which depicted two women, one riding a broom and the other riding a stick.
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In the 15th century, the "Malleus Maleficarum," translated to "The Hammer of Witches," by Heinrich Kramer popularized the idea that witchcraft is to perform evil acts and spells, particularly against men. Negative images of witches within Western society came into view when religious leaders, particularly Dominican inquisitors, took a skeptical approach toward witchcraft, thus beginning "the process of diabolization," said Conti. Just Curious? More of your everyday questions answered Who made witchcraft a crime? In fact, most practices are benign and often used as a form of empowerment. Not all practitioners of witchcraft use it with "bad" intentions. "In northern Italy, for instance, you have, according to Kieckhefer, different mythologies of witchcraft: the Umbrian type of witchcraft, central Italian type of witchcraft, the French (type of witchcraft) and so forth."Īdditionally, witchcraft is often solely associated with black, or dark magic but this is not the case. "We can have a degree of a shade of differences," said Conti.
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